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"A clinical study was made on 144 cases of urolithiasis among the total number of 562 in-patients during the 5 years from January, 1974 to December, 1978. The results were as follows: 1. The incidence of the patients with urolothiasis was 25.6% of the in-patients and male to female ratio being approximately 2.1:1 2. The age of the patients ranged from 20 to 50 years in approximately 74.5% 3. A seasonal occurrence was highest during summer on 36.8%. 4. The locational distribution of urinary calculi was in the ureter in 5l.4%, kidney in 34.7%. bladder in 9.7% and urethra in 4.2%. 5. The most favored predirection site of ureteral stone was lower third in 60.8% of all cases. 6. In a number of urinary calculi in each location 71.5% was single, the most common size was below 1.0 cm in its diameter on 65 cases (45.2%), and weight, below 0.5gm. on 21 cases (24.7%). 7. The clinical symptoms of upper urinary tract lithiasis showed flank pain in 89.5%, hematuria in 17.7%, nausea and vomiting in l8.5%, and generalized weakness in 9.7%, but in lower urinary tract, painful urination was 85%, hematuria in 60% and frequency in 80%. 8. The microscopic hematuria showed in 81.9% and pyuria was revealed in 44.4%. 9. The most frequent surgical intervention was ureterolithotomy in 22.9%. 10. The results of chemical analysis of 85 urinary calculi showed the mixed type of calcium-phosphate and calcium-oxalate in 40% (34 cases), calcium-phosphate in 17.6% (15 cases). calcium-oxalate in 11.8% (l0 cases), the mixed type of calcium-phosphate and ammonium-phosphate in 11.8% (l0 cases) and calcium-carbonate in 8.2% (7 cases). The major component of urinary calculi was calcium-phosphate-oxalate. 11. Cases of bilateral urinary calculi were revealed in 11.8%."
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